Themed Free Post, AMD - Post 3

Here I'm share the introduction of a bibliografic revision about a investigation of age-related macular degeneration that I maked during this year

Age-related macular degeneration, AMD for its acronym in English, is a multifactorial disease, this is one of the most important causes of blindness in the elderly population worldwide (1). There are two clinical forms of AMD, the non-exudative type, characterized by geographic atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) due to the formation of drusen (2), and the exudative type, which is characterized by the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and causes subretinal leakage and bleeding, which can cause scarring and blindness (3)

Among the risk factors for this disease are: genetic factors, such as in the gene that codes for CFH, in particular the Y402H polymorphism (4), smoking, exposure to bright light, an inadequate diet, hypertension, but the factor A major risk factor is aging, this contributes to the formation of drusen and intracellular debris, these are accumulation of cellular and metabolic extracellular and intracellular debris respectively, on the other hand we have damage by oxygen radicals, mitochondrial defects, in addition there is loss cellular and tissue degeneration. (5)

https://www.ocretina.net/macular-degeneration-orange-county/

References:

1. Rowan S, Taylor A. Gut microbiota modify risk for dietary glycemia-induced age-related macular degeneration. Gut Microb. 9, 452–457. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2018.1435247.

2.    Arya M, Sabrosa AS, Duker JS y cols. Cambios coriocapilares en la degeneración macular seca relacionada con la edad y la atrofia geográfica: una revisión. Eye y Vis 5, 22. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-018-0118-x

3. Kumar-Singh R. The role of complement membrane attack complex in dry and wet AMD - From hypothesis to clinical trials. Exp Eye Res. 2019 Jul;184:266-277. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.05.006. Epub 2019 May 10. PMID: 31082363.

4. Chen LL, Chen YY. The pharmacogenomics of CFH Y402H and wet age-related macular degeneration. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2017 Feb 11;53(2):144-147. Chinese. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2017.02.014. PMID: 28260367.

5. Wang S, Wang X, Cheng Y, Ouyang W, Sang X, Liu J, Wang Z. Autophagy dysfunction,    cellular senescence, and abnormal immune-inflammatory responses in AMD: from mechanisms to therapeutic potential. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2019.